Crop Cultivation Patterns and Major Crops of India

India’s major population is engaged in agricultural activities. India is geographically diversified country so it has various food crops cultivated in three main seasons: Rabi, Kharif and Zaid.

Classification of crop:

  • Food crop – Rice, Wheat, Millets, Maize and Pulses etc.
  • Cash crop – Sugarcane, Oilseeds, Horticulture crops, Tea, Coffee, Rubber, Cotton and Jute etc.

Sr.No.

Season

Time of Cultivation

Crop

State

1

RABI

Sown: October-December
Harvested: April-June

Wheat, Barley, Peas, Gram, Mustard etc.

Punjab, Haryana, Himachal Pradesh, Jammu and Kashmir, Uttarakhand and Uttar Pradesh

2

KHARIF

Sown: June-July
Harvested: September-October

Rice, Maize, Jowar, Bajra, Tur, Moong, Urad, Cotton, Jute, Groundnut, Soybean etc.

Assam, West Bengal, coastal regions of Odisha, Andhra Pradesh, Telangana, Tamil Nadu, Kerala and Maharashtra

3

ZAID

Sown and harvested: March-July
(between Rabi and Kharif)

Seasonal Fruits, Vegetables, Fodder crops etc.

Most of the Northern and North Western states

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